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Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā molekala o nā mea like ʻole e ka mea nui a me ka nui o ka adsorption, no laila ua kapa ʻia ke kiʻi ʻo "molecular sieve".
ʻO ka sieve molecular (ʻike pū ʻia ʻo zeolite synthetic) he silicate microporous crystal.He ʻano iwi iwi kumu i haku ʻia me ka alumina silika, me nā cations metala (e like me Na +, K +, Ca2 +, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) no ke kaulike ʻana i ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ke aniani.Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano o ka molecular sieve i A ʻano, ʻano X a me Y ʻano e like me kona ʻano aniani.
| ʻO ke ʻano kemika o nā pūnana zeolite: | Mx/n [(AlO.2) x (SiO.2) y]WH.2O. |
| Mx/n:. | Cation ion, mālama i ke aniani uila me ka ʻole |
| (AlO2) x (SiO2) y: | ʻO ka iwi o nā kristal zeolite, me nā ʻano like ʻole o nā lua a me nā kahawai |
| H2O: | mahu wai hoʻopili kino |
| Nā hiʻohiʻona: | Hiki ke hana i ka nui adsorption a me ka desorption |
| ʻAno A Molecular Sieve | ʻO ka mea nui o ka kānana molecular type A he silicon aluminate. ʻO ka puka aniani nui he octaring structure.ʻO ka puka o ka puka aniani nui he 4Å (1Å = 10-10m), i kapaʻiaʻo keʻano 4A (ʻikeʻia hoʻi heʻano A) kānana mole;
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| ʻAno X Molecular Sieve | ʻO ka mea nui o X molecular sieve he silicon aluminate, ʻo ka lua aniani nui he ʻumikūmālua mau mea hoʻonaninani apo. Ua hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Ca2 + no Na + i loko o kahi kānana molekala 13X, e hana ana i kahi aniani sieve molecular me ka puka o 8-9 A, i kapa ʻia ʻo 10X (ʻike pū ʻia ʻo calcium X) molecular sieve.
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ʻAno A Molecular Sieve
ʻAno X Molecular Sieve
Palapala noi
ʻO ka adsorption o nā mea mai ka adsorption kino (vander Waals Force), me ka polarity ikaika a me nā māla Coulomb i loko o kona lua aniani, e hōʻike ana i ka mana adsorption ikaika no nā molekole polar (e like me ka wai) a me nā molekole unsaturated.
ʻO ka puʻunaue puka o ke kānana molekala he ʻano like loa, a ʻo nā mea wale nō me ke anawaena molekala ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ke anawaena puka e hiki ke komo i ka lua aniani i loko o ka kānana molekala.